X-ray Apparatus and Computed Tomography
Principles
- Radiography
- X-ray photography
- Ionisation and dosimetry
- X-ray attenuation
Nuclear Physics
- Bragg: Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
- Investigating the energy spectrum of an X-ray tube
- Duane-Hunt law and determination of h from the maximum wavelength
- Energy-dependent absorption, K and L edges
- Moseley’s law and the determination of the Rydberg constant
- Fine structure of X-ray spectra
- Determining the bonding energy of individual sub shells by selective excitation
- X-ray fluorescence
- Compton effect on X-rays
Solid-state Physics:
- Bragg: Determining the lattice constants of monocrystals
- Laue: Investigating the lattice structure of monocrystals
- Debye-Scherrer: Determining the lattice plane spacings of polycrystalline powder samples
Medical Technology Applications
- Radiology
- Mineralogy
- Radiation protection
- X-ray fluorescence analysis
- Non-destructive material analysis
- Non-destructive testing
- Computerised tomography also in 3D
X-ray apparatus
24 experiments from the LD physics leaflets series.
Topics:
Topics:
- Fluorescence of a luminous screen due to X-rays
- X-ray photography: darkening of film stock due to x-rays
- Detecting X-rays using an ionization chamber
- Determining the ion dose rate of the x-ray tube with molybdenum anode
- Investigating the attenuation of X-rays as a function of the absorber material and absorber thickness
- Investigating the wavelength dependency of the coefficient of attenuation
- Investigating the relationship between the coefficient of attenuation and the atomic number Z
- Bragg reflection: diffraction of X-rays by a monocrystalline solid
- Investigating the energy spectrum of an X-ray tube as a function of the high voltage and the emission current
- Duane-Hunt relation and determination of Planck's constant
- Fine structure of the characteristic X-radiation of a molybdenum anode
- Edge absorption: filtering X-rays
- Moseley's law and determination of the Rydberg constant
- Compton effect: verifying the energy loss of the scattered x-ray quantum
- Bragg reflection: determining the lattice constants of monocrystalline solids
Laue diagrams: investigating the lattice structure of monocrystalline solids - Debye-Scherrer photography: determining the lattice plane spacings of polycrystalline powder samples
X-RAY UNITS dalam implementasinya
The following are the X-ray units on the DIT RPII licence:
(a) Undergraduate low KeV X-ray Units
The ‘Tel-X-Ometer’ equipment (3 units) and Leybold Didactic
closed X-ray system, which are held within the KE1-039 and KE1-040 laboratories,
on the Kevin Street Campus, and are used for the purposes of undergraduate
laboratories in 3rd and 4th year of the School of Physics courses. The
x-ray tube within the Tel-X-Ometer equipment operates between 20kV and 35 kV
with a tube current of 50 to 80 A. This equipment is exempted from the
requirements for regulation of work practices as specified in SI 125 of 2000.
The Leybold Didactic closed X-ray system operates between 0 kV - 35 kV with a
tube current of 0 mA - 1mA.
(b) Research Analytical x-ray device (XRD)
The Siemens D500 X-ray diffractometer
that is sited in room B.04.0 of the basement of the FOCAS Institute, Camden Row
is an analytical x-ray device the typical acceleration potentials for devices
operating in this mode are from 25-50 kVp.
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